Hassan ibn ali biography

Jafri suggests that the age hassan ibn ali biography presented a problem for Mu'awiya, [ ] who planned to designate his son Yazid r. Hasan did not disclose who he suspected of his poisoning, fearing that the wrong person might be punished. Alternatively, the Sunni al-Haytham ibn Adi identifies the daughter of Suhayl ibn Amr as the murderer. The enraged Yazid subsequently had Hasan poisoned.

A recent article by Burke et al. Using mineralogical, medical, and chemical evidence, they suggested that the mineral calomel mercury I chloride, Hg 2 Cl 2sourced from the Byzantine Empirewas the substance primarily responsible for Hasan's death. Because historical sources indicate that another member of Hasan's household also suffered similar symptoms, the article considers Hasan's wife to be the prime suspect.

The article cites a historical document, according to which the Byzantine emperor likely Constantine IV sent Mu'awiya a poisoned drink at the request of the latter. The authors thus conclude that their forensic hypothesis is consistent with the historical narrative that Hasan was poisoned by his wife Ja'da at the instigation of Mu'awiya and with the involvement of the Byzantine emperor.

Before his death, Hasan had instructed his family to bury him next to Muhammad. According to Madelung, if they "feared evil," Hasan asked them to bury him near his mother in al-Baqi cemetery. The Umayyad governor of Medina, Sa'id ibn al-Aswas not opposed to burying Hasan near Muhammad, whereas Marwan ibn al-Hakam strongly opposed it, arguing that Uthman had been buried in al-Baqi.

In his opposition, Marwan was joined by Muhammad's widow Aisha[ ] [ ] who is often considered hostile to Ali. Muhammad's companion Abu Hurayra unsuccessfully attempted to persuade Marwan to allow Hasan's burial next to Muhammad by reminding him of Muhammad's high esteem for Hasan and Husayn. Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya reportedly intervened and reminded Hasan's burial request.

He was then buried in al-Baqi. Sources differ about Hasan's wives and children. The account of Ibn Sa'd is considered the most reliable, reporting that Hasan had fifteen sons and nine daughters with six wives and three known concubines. Madelung suggests that Ali with this marriage intended to establish ties with the powerful Yemeni tribes in Kufa.

Hasan had no children with Ja'da, who is often accused of poisoning him. Madelung writes that Ali was hoping to bring Abu Mas'ud to his side with the marriage. After her father protested that he had been ignored, Hasan presented Khawla to her father and remarried her with his approval. Khawla bore Hasan his son, Hasan. The rumors also ended Hafsa's next marriage and she eventually married al-Mundhir.

Mu'awiya reputedly asked her brother Ishaq ibn Talha to marry her to Yazid but Ishaq married her to Hasan instead and she bore a son named Talha. Hasan had no children with Hind. Tendentious Sunni reports describe that Hasan married seventy or ninety women in his lifetime and had a harem of three hundred concubines. Veccia Vaglieri holds that the marriages of Hasan received little contemporary censure.

When Muhammad died in childhood, Hasan chose Khawla's second son Hasan as his primary heir. Hasan divorced his wife Hafsa out of propriety when she was accused by al-Mundhir. Hafsa's next marriage ended similarly. When she finally married al-Mundhir, Hasan visited the couple and forgave al-Mundhir for spreading those false rumors out of love for Hafsa.

For Madelung, Hasan's divorces do not indicate any inordinate sexual appetite. Hasan has been described as closely resembling Muhammad in his appearance. The sources hostile to Hasan interpret his peace treaty with Mu'awiya as a sign of weakness, saying that Hasan intended to surrender from the beginning. Other sources reject these criticisms, saying that Hasan's abdication was inevitable after the Kufans' mutiny, similar to Ali's acceptance of the arbitration proposal at Siffin Hasan is a member of the ahl al-bayt Muhammad's family and belongs also to the ahl al-kisanamely, Muhammad, Ali, Fatima, and their two sons.

While all Muslims revere the ahl al-bayt[ ] [ ] it is the Shia who hold them in the highest esteem, regarding them as the rightful leaders of the Muslim community. And to whomsoever disputes with thee over it, after the knowledge that has come unto thee [about Jesus], say, "Come! Let us call upon our sons and your sons, our women and your women, ourselves and yourselves.

Then let us pray earnestly, so as to place the curse of God upon those who lie. Madelung argues that 'our sons' in verse must refer to Muhammad's grandsons, namely, Hasan and Husayn. Verse of purification : The last passage of verse reads [ ].

Hassan ibn ali biography: Hasan ibn Ali (Arabic: الْحَسَنِ

God only desires to remove defilement from you, O ahl al-baytand to purify you completely. Verse of Mawadda : Verse includes the passage. The word kinsfolk al-qurba in this verse is interpreted by the Shia as the ahl al-baytnamely, Ali, Fatima, Hasan, and Husayn. Verses : These verses are connected to the ahl al-kisa in most Shia and some Sunni sources, including the works of the Shia al-Tabarsi d.

They fulfill their vows and fear a day whose evil is widespread, and give food, despite loving it, to the indigent, the orphan, and the captive. We do not desire any recompense or thanks from you. Truly we fear from our Lord a grim, calamitous day. In Mu'tazila Islam, only a wrong deed by an unrepentant imam would disqualify him from the imamate after receiving oaths of allegiance.

Otherwise, an imam cannot resign or willingly pledge his allegiance to another person. The Mu'tazilite al-Qadi Abd al-Jabbar d. This reluctant pledge of allegiance did not disqualify him from the imamate or legitimize Mu'awiya's caliphate.

Hassan ibn ali biography: Hasan ibn Ali was

The Mu'tazilite Ibn al-Malahimi d. Sunni Muslims justify Hasan's peace treaty with Mu'awiya with a hadith, attributed to Muhammad, which reportedly predicted that Hasan would unite two warring Muslim parties. By legitimizing Mu'awiya's caliphate, they view the peace treaty as a voluntary resignation from the caliphate. More generally, an imam in Sunni Islam cannot be ousted or resign if he is aware of the divisiveness of his decision but he can abdicate if he considers his resignation to be in the best interest of Muslims.

Hasan's abdication was a voluntary decision to avoid bloodshed. Hasan al-Mujtaba lit. As for the abdication, Shia theologians cite the disintegration of Hasan's corps, abandonment by his allies, the looting of his military campground, and his assassination attempt to justify Hasan's peace with Mu'awiya. Shia theologians perceive the treaty as a ceasefire muh'adana or agreement mu'ahada rather than an alliance with Mu'awiya.

To support this claim, they cite Mu'awiya's violation of the treaty, the stipulation therein that Mu'awiya should not be called amir al-mu'minin lit. According to Donaldson, fewer miracles are attributed to Hasan than to other Shia Imams. Veccia Vaglieri disagrees, listing the following: Hasan recited the Quran when he was born and praised God.

Later, in life, he resurrected a dead man and a dead palm tree bore fruits at his request. God sent down a meal for his companions from the skies. Persian literature about Hasan can be divided into two categories: historical and mystical. Historical literature includes Hasan's life, imamate, his peace with Mu'awiya, and his death. Mystical literature showcases his virtues and his prominent position in Shia spirituality.

The themes are his virtues, Muhammad's admiration of him, and his suffering and death. The series Loneliest Leaderdirected in by Mehdi Fakhimzadeh, narrates Hasan's life, his peace with Mu'awiya, and the condition of the Islamic community after his assassination. The events leading up to Hasan's peace and his attempted assassination in al-Mada'in are also mentioned in the series Mokhtarnameh by Davood Mirbagheri.

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Hassan ibn ali biography: Ḥasan (born , Arabia—died

Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote Wikidata item. Grandson of Muhammad and the second Shia Imam — For the American jazz pianist and composer, see Hasaan Ibn Ali. Imam Al-Mujtaba. Calligraphic seal featuring Hasan's name, on display in the Hagia Sophia.

Al-Baqi CemeteryMedina. Family tree of Hasan. The Camel Siffin Nahrawan. Beliefs and practices. Days of remembrance. Branches and sects. Ahl al-Kisa. Muhammad Ali Fatima Hasan Husayn. Holy women. Early life [ edit ]. See also: Family tree of Ali and Family tree of Muhammad. Birth [ edit ]. According to Ibn Saad pp. Since Hasan RA always sought peace, he decided to get into a peace treaty six or seven months after his selection.

After that, Muawiyah took over the caliphate to create his own Umayyad dynasty. Hasan RA could have resisted and would have won against Muawiyah, but that resistance would have made the situation worse, so he signed the peace treaty to end the first fitnah. Jada bin al-Ashat was close to Muawiyah. At the time of his death, Hasan RA was 44 years old.

Support our mission to spread Islamic knowledge. To throw light upon the odorous memories and to work perseveringly for obtaining the items of such memories; these two things cast on souls good manners, virtues, and acquaintance with the conducts of the past personalities who were characterized by high merits, piety, righteousness, and decency.

Day of 'Ashura ; the tenth of Muharram. On that daythe Ahl al-Bayt had to suffer the ever mst horrible adversity of this world. Hence, it is certainly the day of griefs. The great speech of Lady Zaynab has been an extension of the uprising of Karbala and a good representation of its values and goals. Lady Zaynab referred to the false elation of Yazid who thought of himself as victorious in that encounter.

Sayedah Zaynab Al-Hauraa peace be upon her …. His martyrdom was a significant loss to the Muslim community and is remembered with profound respect and sorrow. Biography of Imam Hassan ibn Ali as. His Early Life. Spiritual Reverence and Pilgrimage.