Tanushree dutta biography of mahatma gandhi

With the intention of becoming a barrister, he enrolled at the Inner Temple in London and studied there Law and Jurisprudence. His childhood shyness continued in London also. They encouraged Mohandas Gandhi to join the Theosophical Society. The same year, he returned to India where he found that his mother had died while he was in London. He started practising Law in Bombay.

However, it failed; as he lacked psychological tactics to cross-examine witnesses. Then, he returned to Rajkot, where he started a modest living by drafting petitions for litigants. However, after a brawl with a British Officer, he was forced to stop his work. In Aprilat the age of 23, he set sail for South Africa where he would spend 21 years; developing his political views, ethics, and politics.

In JuneAt Pietermaritzburg station, Mohandas Gandhi was ordered to go into the van compartment of the train although he had a first-class ticket. On his refusal, he was forcibly ejected, his bundles pitched out after him. He was left to shiver at the platform all night. Bewildered with the discriminations faced by the Indians in South Africa, in Mayhe proposed an organization to watch the interest of Indians, and on 22 Augustit finally resulted in the foundation of Natal Indian Congress to fight colour prejudice.

His father, Karamchand Gandhi, served as a chief minister, while his mother, Putlibai, was a deeply religious woman who instilled values of spirituality and non-violence in him. Initially, Gandhi was a timid and somewhat unremarkable student, struggling with confidence and societal expectations. Despite aspirations to become a doctor, family pressures guided him towards the legal profession, tanushree dutta biography of mahatma gandhi him to England in to study law.

Gandhi's time in London was marked by his struggle to adapt to Western culture, alongside a growing commitment to vegetarianism and a deeper exploration of various religious philosophies. This period was transformative for Gandhi, as he began to embrace values aligned with Jainism and Hinduism, including non-violence and simplicity. Returning to India in after his studies, he faced challenges as a lawyer, including a humiliating experience in court that accelerated his journey toward civil rights advocacy.

This foundational stage in Gandhi's life ignited his passion for justice, which would later define his leadership in India's non-violent independence movement against British rule. Gandhi's Notable Career Start in South Africa Gandhi's notable career began in South Africa, where he first encountered the harsh realities of racial discrimination.

After arriving in Durban in to fulfill a legal contract, Gandhi was shocked by the unsettling treatment of Indian immigrants by the white authorities. His pivotal moment occurred during a train journey when he was forcibly removed from a first-class compartment simply for being Indian, despite holding a valid ticket. This incident ignited a fire within him, leading Gandhi to dedicate himself to combating discrimination and the deep-seated prejudice against Indians in South Africa through peaceful means.

In response to the injustices he witnessed, Gandhi established the Natal Indian Congress inaiming to address and alleviate the suffering of his fellow Indian citizens. His approach combined the principles of nonviolence and passive resistance, emphasizing moral courage over physical aggression. Through these efforts, Gandhi not only fought for civil rights but also fostered a sense of unity among the Indian community, laying the groundwork for his later role as a leader in India's fight for freedom.

Mohandas was a restless child who was a little naughty but inspired by the stories such as "Harish Chandra" and "Shravan Kumar", which made him too inspired by loyalty, truth, and love. His entire life, he followed these values and lived a simple life. In his Father shifted to Rajkot on the basis of the security of Deewan, and inhe became the deewan of Rajkot and called his family there.

In Rajkot, Mahatma Gandhi went to school at the age of 9, the school was near his home and as he was interested in studies, his Father put him in "Alfred High School" at the age of 11, but he was an average student who didn't much speak and wasn't interested in sports much. Books were his friend, and companions were school lessons. Remembering his marriage at the age of 13 to a young year-old bride Kasturbai Makhanji Kapadiya popular Kasturba where "ba" is used for motherhe told once that those days marriage was just all about new clothes, sweets, and playing with the relatives because of no information about marriage.

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Because of this marriage, he had to leave his school for a year but later joined his school back. Still, according to the rituals at those times, the bride was mostly at her parents' home and didn't stay with her husband, who bought many lusty thoughts in his head, and he regrets his thoughts later in his writings. At the age of 18, in NovemberMohandas graduated high school in Ahmadabad.

Later, he enrolled in a Samaldas College in Bhavnagar State, but later, he left his college and returned to his family in Porbandar. In when his father died and his year-old young wife's child of a few days died, it made him very sad that it took so much time to heal from his two beloved deaths. He and Kasturba had their first child in and then 3 more sons in the years, and Name of his sons were Harilal, Manilal, Ramdas and Devdas.

All of them gave their support to their Father in freedom fighting. Still, Ramdas wasn't much into the idea of his Father's fight against the British Government and stayed mostly in South Africa but still supported his Father many times and went to Jail for him. His life as a law student He went to London and took admission to the cheapest law college University College.

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Still, his mother and wife weren't happy with his decision as he was leaving his family, wife, and son, but after promising his mom that he would stay away from meat, wine, and other women, he got permission. But this was not the only hurdle for him to go to London; another issue was money as his dad died soon; they were out of money, but one of his elder brothers Laxmidas a lawyerhelped him with money, and he started his journey.

While he was going to college in Bombay, where he stayed for some time, people warned him that he could be asked to leave his religion and follow their culture and food in England. Mahatma Gandhi ignored this and went to London after saying bye to his brother who was with him to see off him. At University College, he started studying to become a barrister, his shyness didn't leave him there, but after he started practicing and meeting the public, He overcame his shyness.

He focused on his career only there, but he struggled a lot with the food and clothes of western culture and mostly because of his vegetarianism. Later, he joined the London Vegetarian Society and attended their conferences and other activities.

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There he read the Bible and English translation version of "Bhagwat Geeta", but his shyness came to an end when Gandhi came forward when Hill came against LVS member Allison's "Birth Control Methods" by describing "dangers of Birth Control" but also on the other hand by defended Allison Right to differ, but this doesn't create any hatred among them as Hill threw a Farewell dinner for him when he announced to go to India.

Gandhi's way back to his country In Juneas a Barrister, he returned to India. Still, he tanushree dutta biography of mahatma gandhi a sad surprise or shock when he came to know his mom died when he was in London and news was told to him and later he came to Know that his Barrister degree wasn't enough for his successful career as there were too much Law professionals in the country.

Still, he had his first case in Bombay High court, but it wasn't good, and he couldn't be focused on his work, so he left his part-time job as a teacher and headed back to Rajkot but here, a British Officer Sam Sunny stopped him. So even without choice, he accepted a work offer from an Indian Firm in Natal, South Africa, and a new journey in his life began from there.

InHis two youngest children of four were born there, and he faced many challenges there. In his starting days there, he faced differences because of his color, and once even he was thrown into the mud because he refused to go out of first class. He had two choices: he could return to India or Protest against discrimination, and he gladly chose to stay there and protest.

Later in a Durban court, he was asked to remove his turban, he refused and left Courtroom, but the struggle didn't stop there on a street. A policeman kicked him from the footpath without warning as He was an Indian, and Indians were not allowed to walk on a footpath. For the first time, these things triggered Gandhi, and he gave an aggressive reaction that was unexpected by his nature.

He tried to teach all the fellow Indians in Pretoria about their rights and duties, but till then, he had no intention to stay there, but an incident there in Natal made him stay there for a long while when they announced to deny the right to vote for the Indians. Gandhi and his fellows opposed the bill and asked Joseph Chamberlain, who was the British Colonial Secretary, to take a second thought on the bill and fight on their behalf.

Although he wasn't able to make any big change in the bill, he got enough attention for the positions of Indians in South Africa. Neither as a student nor a barrister, he was interested in politics, but when he was only 25, he was a very well-known political campaigner. Inwhen he went back to India to bring his wife and children to South Africa, he tried to get the political support of big politicians there, which was, unfortunately, a cause of the issue among European politicians, and ina group of white mob attacked him when he landed in Durban.

Somehow he survived that situation and refused to take any mob name in a press conference as he didn't want to bring any personal issue to court. Inwhen the war of Boer took place, Gandhi asked Indians to defend Natal British Colony as they called themselves citizens, and that's their duty; he raised Natal Indian ambulance Crop who were medical certified and trained to give medical help.

In, the Transvaal Government announced a new act of humiliating registrations of his Indian and Chinese population. A huge mass protest meeting was organized in Johannesburg, and Gandhi was the leader of the meeting in which they all took a pledge of not accepting the law and facing all the penalties or punishment as a result. This is from where the Idea of Satyagrah 'devotion of truth' was born: they will face all the sufferings without showing any violence and keep walking on the path of truth.

The struggle of the Indian community kept going for 7 years, and inmany Indians, including females, went to Jail. Many Indians scarify their livelihood in this process. He returned to Rajkot to make a modest living drafting petitions for litigants, but Gandhi was forced to stop after running afoul of British officer Sam Sunny. Abdullah owned a large successful shipping business in South Africa.

His distant cousin in Johannesburg needed a lawyer, and they preferred someone with Kathiawari heritage. Gandhi inquired about his pay for the work. He accepted it, knowing that it would be at least a one-year commitment in the Colony of NatalSouth Africa, also a part of the British Empire. Gandhi was kicked by a police officer out of the footpath onto the street without warning.

Gandhi found it humiliating, struggling to understand how some people can feel honour or superiority or pleasure in such inhumane practices. This led to Gandhi extending his original period of stay in South Africa. Gandhi planned to assist Indians in opposing a bill to deny them the right to votea right then proposed to be an exclusive European right.

He asked Joseph Chamberlainthe British Colonial Secretary, to reconsider his position on this bill. He helped found the Natal Indian Congress in[49] [59] and through this organisation, Gandhi moulded the Indian community of South Africa into a unified political force. In Januarywhen Gandhi landed in Durban, a mob of white settlers attacked him, [63] and Gandhi escaped only through the efforts of the wife of the police superintendent.

According to Arthur Herman, Gandhi wanted to disprove the British colonial stereotype that Hindus were not fit for "manly" activities involving danger and exertion, unlike the Muslim " martial races.

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They were trained and medically certified to serve on the front lines. They were auxiliaries at the Battle of Colenso to a White volunteer ambulance corps. At the Battle of Spion KopGandhi and his bearers moved to the front line and had to carry wounded soldiers for miles to a field hospital since the terrain was too rough for the ambulances.

At a mass protest meeting held in Johannesburg on 11 September that year, Gandhi adopted his still evolving methodology of Satyagraha devotion to the truthor nonviolent protest, for the first time. His ideas of protests, persuasion skills, and public relations had emerged. Gandhi took these back to India in Initially, Gandhi was not interested in politics, but this changed after he was discriminated against and bullied, such as by being thrown out of a train coach due to his skin colour by a white train official.

After several such incidents with Whites in South AfricaGandhi's thinking and focus changed, and he felt he must resist this and fight for rights. Gandhi entered politics by forming the Natal Indian Congress. He suffered persecution from the beginning in South Africa.